Method and apparatus for forming pipe molds



Nov. 27 1923.

T. P. ANTHONY METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING PIPE MOLDS 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 6, 1921 Nov. 27, 1923.

T. P. ANTHONY METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING PIPE MOLDS Filed May 6, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 T. P. ANTHONY METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING PIPE MOLDS Filed May 6, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Nov. 27, 1923.

T. P. ANTHONY METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING PIPE MOLDS Filed May 6, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 'T. P. ANTHONY METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING PIPE MOLDS Filed May 6, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Nov. 27, 1923. v

UNITED STATES THOMAS P. ANTHONY, OF EDGEWATEB PARK, NEW JERSEY.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FOBmG PIPE HQLDS.

Application filed Hay 6,1921 Seriallio. 467,271.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS P. ANTHONY, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Edgewater Park, in the county of Burlington and State of New J ersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Methods and Apparatus for Forming Pipe Molds, of which the following is a true and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which .form a part thereof.

My invention relates to the manufacture of dry sand molds for casting pipes. As such molds have heretofore been made the mold for the outside of the pipe and the core for the inside of the pipe have been made separately, separately coated with 'blacking and separately dried before being assembled together to form a complete mold for the casting of a pipe. The object of my invention is to provide a method whereby the mold and core can be made'simultaneously and simultaneously coated with blacking and dried without at any time removing the core from the mold or shifting the core and mold with relation to each other to such an extent as will risk the contact of the core with the mold and consequent injury to the mold surface.

Broadly speaking, my invention consists in assembling together in proper relationship to each other a flask, a core bar and a shell pattern having the shape of the body of the pipe compacting, molding sand of the character required to make a dry sand mold in the space between the pattern and the flask and between the pattern and the core bar, preferably by jarring and withdrawing the shell pattern longitudinally, leaving the mold and core formed and in properly spaced relationship to each other.

I effect the blacking of the surface of the mold and core by pouring a liquid mixture of blacking into the annular space, separating them, the water being largely absorbed into the sand and the blacking being deposited on the surface of the sand in sufiicient quantity to avoid the risk of adherence between the molten metal and the molding sand and the mold and core being formed and blacked as above described. I then simultaneously dry them by passing drying gases through the annular spaces separating them after which (1 'ng the assembled mold and core are ready or casting.

- In casting pipes if the bell end flanges are otherwise so formed that longitudinal shell.

pattern will not ive the required form to the end or ends 0 the pipe I use in addition to the shell pattern supplemental patterns shaped to give the desired form to the end or ends of the pipe andso secured in position that they can be withdrawn longitudinally and after the withdrawal of the shell pattern and supplemental patterns I insert in the end or ends of the mold such end forming cores as will ive the inside of the pipe endsthe desired orm.

11 most cases it-will be convenient and some times necessary that the formation of the body portion of the core and of the mold,

to shift the core and mold longitudinally with respect to each other so as to leave a clear and sufiicient space open at both ends for the passage downward of the blacking mixture and the passage either upward or downward of the drying gases used to dry the mold and the core, and such necessary or desirable shifting, never very great in extent, can be readily effected without any dangerof the core coming in contact with the mold, the parts, of course, being returned to normal position with reference to each other after the drying of the mold.

In the formation of the mold and core as above described and particularly where the compacting of the sand is effected on a jarring machine, it is desirable that the sand forming the top of the core couldbe compacted by ramming and for this purpose I provide an annular ramming and sand holdmg ring shaped so as to fit fairly closely between the core bar and the shell pattern and which can be inserted after the arring of the mold and used toram the upper layer of sand forming the core and then located in position so as to hold the sand of the core while the shell pattern is being withdrawn. This device has also the function of guiding and centering the shell pattern while it is being Withdrawn.

The molds formed by -my pattern are intended to be poured from the top of the mold and it is necessary, therefore, that the the shell pattern moves and which not only aids in preventing lateral motion of the pattern while being withdrawn from the mold but will continue to hold it in proper alignment after it has passed above the flask. Thi guide ring will conveniently form a part of the supplemental end pattern used in the upper end of the mold where the use of such a shell pattern is necessary or advisable.

My invention and the best means and devices for carrying it into practical use will be best understood as described in connection with the drawings in which it is illustrated and in which Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of one side of a mold showing a flask and core bar in assembled position on a ramming seat with the shell pattern in position and the upplemental bell pattern of the mold in position in the upper end of the flask and in contact with the shell pattern, the rammin seat is shown as resting on the table of t e jarring machine and the sand oompacted on each side of the pattern to form the flask and core.

Figure 2 is a similar section of the mold with the withdrawal of the shell and bell patterns show the core as sufiiciently ele vated to make a clear passage from the top to the bottom of the mold and showing a bucket pouring the blanking mixture into the top of the mold. The mold in this construction is raised on a casting seat.

"Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of the same character as Figure 1 showing the arrangement of the parts when the bell of the pipe is to be raised at the bottom of the mold.

Figure 4 shows a flask and core formed as in Fig. 3 after removal of the shell pattern and the supplemental pattern used at the top of the flask with the mold shown as slightly raised above the casting seat, showing also the appliances used for drying the mold and core.

Figure 5 is a view showing the arrangement of parts where a flanged pipe is to be cast.

Figure 6 showing the mold and core after the withdrawal of the patterns with the core raised and supplemental core in place on the casting seat.

Figure 7 is a view generally similar to the construction shown in Fig. 4 but with provision made for the introduction of drying gases at the top of the mold, and

Figure 8 is an elevation of a table mold with the core shown as raised and provision made for passage of heating gases upward through one mold and downward through the second mold.

A indicates the flask having, as shown, in Figs. 1, 2 and 8, a flared end A at its top over the bell end of the mold and, as shown in Figs. 3, 1 and 7, a flared end A at the amar? bottom where the bell is to be formed at the bottom of the mold. In these figures the upper end of the flask is also shown as flared at A and in Figs. 5 and 6 which show the preparation of a mold for a flanged pipe the flask is flared both at top and bottom as indicated at A and A 1 B, Fig. 1, indicates a ramming seat which, as shown, rests-upon the jarring table M and a jarring machine not shown in detail and upon which rests the flask. On the inside the ramming seat has a conical seat indicated at B, below which extends a number of centering lugs indicated at B, the function of which is to hold the core iron properly centered when the core is raised, as shown in Fig. 2. C indicates the core iron which can be of an usual construction and generally made co lapsible where used in casting of large pipes. Toward the lower end it is formed with a slight taper as indicated at C and a keyway C is formed through its lower portion and another keywav 0 formed through its upper portion. (l is a key used as shown for holding the core iron in position during the drawing of the shell pattern. D is the shell pattern of cylindrical form having, as shown in Fig. 1, a seat D for a rubber bead ring, the ring in place being indicated at E. At D I have indicated the presence of some holes through the top of the shell pattern through which it can be engaged by a hoisting device. F is the core supporting ring externally of cone shape to fit on the seat B of the ramming and casting seat B and internally shaped to fit on the tapered portion C of the core iron on which it forms a jamming fit. G. Fig. 1, is a separable portion for conforming the mold to the designed bell shape. This pattern forms a fit with the shell pattern D and is supported on top of the flask by the laterally extending arms GE G is an upwardly extending annular guide surface formed as shown integral with the pat tern G. H is a ramming and sand holding annulus of a size to fit between the core iron of the shell pattern and provided with upwardly extending handle rods H The lower face of the rammer H is shown as beveled outwardly and downwardly. I is a pin which can be inserted through the hole C in the core iron and used to lock the rammer H in position while the shell pattern is being withdrawn. J, J, indicate respectively the molds and the core compacted on each side of the patterns.

In Fig. 3, B indicates the ramming seat formed, as shown, with an annular seat B to receive and center the bell pattern indicated at G with the top of it as indicated at G The bell pattern makes a tapering fit in this construction, the conically fixed sand supporting ring indicated at F is attached to the core bar by bolts indicated at Q. N is an annular plate fitting on top of the ramming seat, as shown, and P 18 a in Fig. 3, is shown asremoved' from the jarring seat and sup or'ted above the chill plate-R by small bloc indicated at S. R indicates a seat on the core plate in which is seated the core iron R which supports the molding sand or clay indicated at J indicating molding sand or clay directly su ported in a cavity of the chill plate. K in lcates the hood extending over the top of the core iron and supported on the top of the flask and T indicates a pipe throu h which drying gases are admitted to t e center of the core iron.

In Fig. 5 the flask is shown supported on a ramming seat B having a detachable portion B on the inside of which are formed annular tapered seats for the end of the shell pattern D and for the sand supporting ring the upper portion of the ramming seat and its extension B serving as a pattern for the formation of the lower part'of the mold. P, P, indicate the pattern for the formation of the upper portion of the mold supported on arms P, P and having a guide extension PP and in Fig. 6 the mold is shown as transferred to the casting seat R, R, which is formed to support the core ring G.

The construction shown in Fig. 7 is, generally speaking, similar to the construction shown in Fig. 4 except that provision is made for the introduction of drying gases at the top of the mold. T indicates the pipe through which the drying gases are led from a place of origin and delivered into a channel U through which they pass from opening U and the passages U U, into the top of the mold, U indicating a cover plate used in this construction to close the top of the core iron.

The. molds shown in Fig. 8 are generally similar to the molds shown in Fig. 1,.the arrangement being one in which two molds are formed in a single flask and in which a cover K fits over the top of the flask so Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, the flask,"

core iron and shell pattern are assembled to gether, as shown in Fig. 1, the separable pattern G being also secured in place and the rubber bead ring E being also in place, as,

shown in Fig. 1; The flask andcore supporting ring and, in this construction, the

shell pattern, rest upon the ramming seat B and the core iron is held down in lace by the wedge C. The ramming ring 1 is, of course, not used until the core is practically completed. i

Sand is fed into the top of the mold and in the spaces between the shell pattern and the core iron and the mold and core are formed simultaneously and of like material by ramming the sand preferably by the action of a jarrin machine the table of which isindicated at I As the molten metal is by. m process intended to be poured into the'top of the mold the core sand J is built up higher than the top of the flask and at the top is preferably rammed more compactly and iventhe proper sha by the insertion o? the ramming ring which by means of the handles H can be used to ram and tamp down the sand and-give it the proper form at the top. After being used, the rin H is locked in position by t e insertion o a pin or key I through the hole C as indicated in Fig. 1.

After the mold and core has been formed as above described the shell pattern D is withdrawn, being guided in its upward movement by its contact with the portion G and its extension G and by its contact with the outer surface of the annular ramming ring H so as toleave the mold sand on each side of it engaged. As the shell pattern moves up the rubber bead ring E is detached from it and by reason of its elasticity con-- tracts, leaving contact with the sand in which it has formed a proper cavity for the bead at the bottom of the pipe. The pattern G is removed from the mold after the withdrawal of the shell pattern and the core is then raised as indicated in Fig. 2 permitting the easy removal of .the rubber bead ring and leaving a clear passage from the top to the bottom of the mold as indicated. Care must, of course, be taken to keep the core centered and for this purpose the guide lugs B acting in connection with the lower end of the core iron are very useful. The core is held in the position indicated in F ig. 2 by any convenient meanspas shown by a spider K The parts being in the position shown in Fig. 2, the mold and core are next blacked which can be easily accomplished by pouring a mixture of blacking and water into the top of the mold, the mixture resting over the sand of the mold and core. The vWater is more or less absorbed in the sand and a sufficient coating of blacking is left upon the surface.

The mold, having been blacked, it is next necessary to dry it and this I accomplish by passing heated gases through the spaces between the core and the mold as shown in i Fig. 2. The heated gases issue from a pipe T and pass upward through the cavity, simultaneously drying the sand in both the mold and the core.

The mold having been dried, the core is lowered into the proper position with the ing is drawn from the mold.

In the construction shown in Fig. 3 where the bell is formed at the bottom of the mold the pattern Gr is properly centered on the ramming seat B and fitted against the lower end of the shell pattern D, the core sand supporting ring F fitting against a centering surface of the patern G The portion P is secured in place at the top of the mold and sand introduced and properly compacted preferably, as before, by the jarring machine indicated at M, the core being clamped to the ramming seat by clamps as indicated at 0. After the sand has properly compacted on bot-h sides of the bell pattern and on the outside of the Patterns G and P, the shell pattern is withdrawn as before described, the ramming seat and pattern G are removed and the casting or chill plate R with the core iron R centered in it and brought to roper position with regard to the core whi e the flask as shown in Fig. 4, is slightly elevated and held in elevated position by blocks S. While in this position the mold and core are blacked as already described after which the hood K is placed over the top of the mold and the mold and core bar are brought over a drying gas supply pipe T which, in this construction, delivers the heating gases through the center of the core iron and then directed by the hood K downward through the cavity between the core and the mold and out through the space between the bottom of the flask and the chill plate. After the mold is dried the flask is lowered to position on the chill plate and casting made.

In the construction shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the parts being in the position shown in Fig. 5, the sand is compacted to form a mold and core. The ramming seat and pattern P, P, and D are then removed. the flask is placed on the casting plate R, R, which, in this construction, supports the flanged core G the core is elevated, the mold and core blacked and dried in the same Way already described, the core then returned to casting position and the casting made.

The description already given as to Figs. 8 and 4, of course applies to Fig. 7, the only difierence being that in this construction the top of the hollow core iron is covered by the plate U and drying gases in troduced through pipe T into the top of the mold thro1}1{gh the described passages U in the hood a The operation in the case of the construction shown in Fig. 8 is the same as that described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, the only diflerence being that in this construction the two molds have their tops connected by the hood K and the drying gases introduced through the pipe T pass upward.

through one mold and downward through the other.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The method of forming a mold for casting pipe which consists in assembling a flask and core bar together with a. shell pattern for forming the body portion of the pipe compacting molding sand in the spaces on both sides of the shell pattern to form the mold and core, removing the shell pat tern, adjusting the mold members so as to leave an open-ended vertical passage between mold and core, pouring a liquid blacking mixture in the space between the mold and core to black the mold and passing drying gases through the space between the mold and core to simultaneously dry both members of the mold.

2. The method of forming a mold for casting pip-e which consists in amembling a flask and core bar together with a shell pattern for forming the body portion of the pipe, compacting molding sand by jarring in the spaces on both sides of the shell pattern to form the mold and core, removing the shell pattern, adjusting the mold members so as to leave an open-ended vertical passage between mold and core, pouring a liquid blacking mixture in the space between the mold and core to black the mold and passing drying gases through the space between the mold and core to simultaneously dry both members of the mold.

3. The method of forming a mold for casting pipe which consists in assembling a flask and core bar together with a shell pattern for forming the body portion of the pipe and a separable pattern or patterns forming a continuation of the shell pattern for forming the ortions of the mold which are not formed y the shell pattern, compacting moldin sand in the spaces on both sides of the she 1 pattern and on the outside of the separable patterns to form the mold and core, removing the patterns, adjusting-the mold members so as to leave an open-ended vertical passa e 'betwee mold and core, pouring a liquid blacking mixture into the space between the core and mold to black them, passing drying gases through the space between the mold and core to dry both mem bers simultaneously and inserting supplemental mold sections in the spaces left by the separable patterns to give final form to the mold.

4:. The method of forming a mold for casting pipes which consists in assembling a flask and core bar together with a shell pattern for forming the body portion of the pipe and a bell pattern fittin on and forming a continuation of the she 1 pattern and shaped to give the desired bell form to the outside of the mold only, compacting molding sand in the spaces on both sides of the shell pattern and on the outside of the bell pattern to form the outside of the mold and the core of the body portion of the pipe mold removing the bell pattern and shell pattern and inserting a socket core in the bell of the mold. I

5. The method of forming a mold for casting pipes which consists in assembling a flask and core bar together with a shell pattern for forming the body portion of the pipe and a bell pattern fitting on and forming a continuation of the shell pattern and shaped to give the desired bell form to the outside of the mold only, compacting mold-.

ing sand in the spaces on both sides of the shell pattern and on the outside of the bell pattern to form the outside of the mold and the core of the bod portion of the pipe mold removin the ll pattern and shell pattern, adjusting the mold members so as to leave an open-ended vertical passa between mold and core, pouringaliquid lacking mixture in the space between the mold and core and inserting a socket core in the bell of the mold.

6. The method of forming a mold for casting pipes which consists in assembling a flask and core bar together with a shell pattern for forming the body portion of the pipe and a bell pattern fitting on and forming a continuation of the shell pattern and shaped to give the desired bell form to the outside of the mold only, compacting moldin sand in the spaces on both sides of the shel pattern and on the outside of the bell pattern to form the outside of the mold and the core of the body portion of the pipe mold, removin the bell pattern and shell pattern, adjusting the mold members so as to leave an open-ended vertical passage between mold and core, passing drying gases through the space between the mold and core to simultaneously dry both members of the mold.

7. The method of forming a mold for casting pipes which consists .in assembling a flask and core bar together with a shell pattern for forming the body portion of the pipe and a bell pattern fitting on and form'- ing a continuation of the shell pattern and shaped to'give the desired bell form to the outside of the mold only, compacting molding sand in the spaces on both sides of the shell pattern and on the outside of the bell pattern to form the outside of the mold and the core of the. body portion of the pipe mold, removin the bell pattern and shell pattern, adjustmg the mold members so as to leave an open-ended vertical passa e between mold and core, pouring av liquid blacking mixture in the space between the mold and core, passing drymg gases through the space between the mold and core to simultaneously dry both members of the mold,

. and inserting a, socket core in the bell of the mold.

8. The method of forming a mold for casting pipes which consists in assembling a flask and core bar together with a shell pattern for forming the body portion of the pipe and a bell pattern fitting on and forming a continuation of the shell pattern and shaped to give the desired bell form to the outside of the mold only, compacting molding sand by jarring in the spaces on both sides of the shell pattern and on the outside of the bell pattern to form the outside of the, mold and the core of the body portion of the pipe mold, removing the bell pattern and shell attern and inserting a socket core in the bell of the mold.

9. In an apparatus for simultaneously forming a dry sand mold and core substantially as described the combination with a core iron and a shell pattern surrounding it of an annular tamping and sand holding ring fitting between the core and pattern and means for holding said ring on the core iron While drawing the shell pattern.

10. In an apparatus for simultaneously forming a dry sand mold and core, substantially as described,the combination with the flask and shell pattern of an upwardly extending shell pattern guide secured to the top of the flask and extending above the same.

11. In an apparatus for simultaneously forming a dry sand mold and core substantially as described, the combination with the flask and shell pattern of a pattern extending down into the upper end of the flask and having an upwardly extending guide for centerin the shell pattern as it is withdrawn from t e flask.

THOMAS P. ANTHONY. 

